南麂列岛附近海域浮游动物的分布及其与浮游藻类和营养盐的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王春生  杨关铭 《海洋学研究》1998,16(2):41-48

本文描述了南麂列岛附近海域浮游动物的分布及其与浮游藻类和营养盐之间的关系。结果显示：浮游动物丰度与浮游藻类细胞总密度和硅藻细胞密度有正相关性,与硅酸盐和硝酸盐的浓度有负相关性。  相似文献   

南海中部全新世以来海山深潜区有孔虫的地球化学记录及反映的气候变化     

杨俊  赵彦彦  吴佳庆  魏浩天  龙海燕  李三忠  毕乃双 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2020,40(2):100-110

有孔虫在生长发育过程中能够捕获或黏附周围海水中的钙质或硅质形成自己的壳体,因此有孔虫的地球化学特征能够记录古气候、古海洋和古环境信息。以2017年蛟龙号第136潜次在南海珍贝海山底部约2500 m水深位置精准采集的柱状样品为研究对象,对其中的G.ruber以及G.sacculifer两类浮游有孔虫壳体的Mg/Ca以及碳氧同位素组成进行了分析测试。结果表明自12.6 ka以来该海域表层海水温度(SST)的变化范围为24.4~29.3℃,平均温度为26.2℃,并能够识别出明显的气候突变事件,在时间范围上与新仙女木事件和全新世东亚夏季风突变事件大致吻合。这些突变事件可能受控于ENSO活动和热带辐合带(ITCZ)平均位置的纬向移动,并与北大西洋冰筏事件具有遥相关。此外,发现全新世期间浮游有孔虫G.sacculifer和G.ruber的碳同位素分馏值Δ^13CG.sacculifer-G.ruber与SST变化有关,SST降低时,Δ^13CG.sacculifer-G.ruber呈负偏;而在SST升高时,Δ^13CG.sacculifer-G.ruber呈正偏。  相似文献   

Difference of planktonic ciliate communities of the tropical West Pacific,the Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean     

王超锋  李海波  徐志强  郑珊  郝锵  董逸  赵丽  张武昌  赵苑  Grégori Géral  肖天 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(4):9-17

Ciliates are important components in planktonic food webs,but our understanding of their community structures in different oceanic water masses is limited.We report pelagic ciliate community characteristics in three seas:the tropical West Pacific,the Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean.Planktonic ciliate abundance had"bimodal-peak","surface-peak"and"DCM(deep chlorophyll a maximum layer)-peak"vertical distribution patterns in the tropical West Pacific,the Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean,respectively.The abundance proportion of tintinnid to total ciliate in the Bering Sea(42.6%)was higher than both the tropical West Pacific(7.8%)and the Arctic Ocean(2.0%).The abundance proportion of small aloricate ciliates(10–20μm size-fraction)in the tropical West Pacific was highest in these three seas.The Arctic Ocean had higher abundance proportion of tintinnids in larger LOD(lorica oral diameter)size-class.Proportion of redundant species increased from the Arctic Ocean to the tropical West Pacific.Our result provided useful data to further understand ecology roles of planktonic ciliates in different marine habitats.  相似文献   

A comparison of genetic structure in two low-dispersal crabs from the Wild Coast,South Africa     

Y Qhaji  B Jansen van Vuuren  I Papadopoulos  CD McQuaid 《African Journal of Marine Science》2015,37(3):345-351

The Wild Coast in south-eastern South Africa is strongly influenced by the warm, southward-flowing Agulhas Current. This current has a significant impact on dispersal in the coastal biota of the region, and facilitates high levels of connectivity among populations. However, it is not known how the region's high-velocity hydrology affects genetic population structure in endemic estuarine species, populations of which are frequently isolated from the sea. Here, we compared genetic structure in two estuarine crabs of the family Hymenosomatidae. Both are presumed to have low dispersal potential, but they differ in terms of their life histories. Hymenosoma longicrure has abbreviated larval development and can complete its entire life cycle within estuaries, whereas Neorhynchoplax bovis is a direct developer that lacks planktonic larvae. Using DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial COI gene and the intron of the nuclear ANT gene, we found that levels of genetic structure differ considerably between the species. Depending on the genetic marker used, H. longicrure is genetically homogeneous (COI) or displays low levels of genetic structure and minor evidence of recruitment near natal sites (ANT). In contrast, connectivity in N. bovis is much lower, as this species has a unique combination of alleles at each site, indicating that recruitment is mostly local. These results support previous findings suggesting that even a short larval dispersal phase is sufficient to maintain high levels of connectivity and prevent genetic divergence among populations.  相似文献   

Late glacial to Holocene planktic foraminifera bioevents and climatic record in the South Adriatic Sea     

Giuseppe Siani  Martine Paterne  Christophe Colin 《第四纪科学杂志》2010,25(5):808-821

Quantitative analyses of planktic foraminifera, sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs), oxygen isotope and radiocarbon dating from a deep‐sea core recovered in the South Adriatic Sea have been used to reconstruct a subcentennial climatic and biochronological record since the late glacial (the last 24 cal. ka BP). The identification and relative abundance of 25 species of planktic foraminifera along the core have provided a continuous record of the faunal changes over this time interval. These results have permitted the establishment of 10 biozones in the South Adriatic Sea based on the appearance and/or disappearance of the main specific taxa, from peaks of abundance and/or by modification in marine conditions. The robust chronology of the South Adriatic core allowed correlation of SST estimates to the GISP2 ice core record, indicating that the main climate changes recorded in Greenland ice cores over the last 24 ka are recorded and globally synchronous with those observed in the South Adriatic Sea. This finding further allows comparison of the planktic foraminifera record with the event stratigraphic scheme proposed by the INTIMATE group in order to better identify the relationship between past climatic changes and the response of microfaunal assemblages in the South Adriatic. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

胶州湾浮游原生生物时空分布特征——丰度周年变化及与环境因子间的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜勇  许恒龙  朱明壮  陈旭淼  范鑫鹏  姜佳枚  Alan War-ren  胡晓钟  宋微波 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(3)

为了解胶州湾浮游原生生物时空分布特征及与环境因子间的关系,自2007年6月～2008年5月,对青岛胶州湾内5个站点表层水的浮游原生生物丰度及环境因子进行了累计24次的周年采样调查及定性、定量分析.结果显示:(1) 浮游原生生物周年变动具有2个高峰,分别出现在4月和8月;(2) 浮游硅藻、鞭毛藻和纤毛虫的丰度周年变动均为双峰型:春节(4月)高峰、秋节(8月)高峰;(3) 浮游原生生物丰度与叶绿素a和溶解氧呈显著性相关,而其群落结构的变化与盐度、溶解氧、硝态氮和亚硝态氮的组合呈显著性相关.本工作为进一步探讨富营养化的内湾型近岸水体内原生生物生态学结构与功能提供了一份必要的基础资讯.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal prokaryotic variability in the northern Adriatic Sea     

Paola Del Negro  Mauro Celussi  Erica Crevatin  Alessandro Paoli  Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry  Alessandra Pugnetti 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(3):375-386

The prokaryotic community, both in terms of abundance and activity (exoenzymatic hydrolysis of proteins, polysaccharides and phosphorylated molecules and leucine uptake), was investigated seasonally for a 3‐year period (2004–2006) in the Gulf of Venice (northern Adriatic Sea). By focusing on spatial and temporal variability, the prokaryote dynamics showed significant variations on a horizontal and seasonal scale, but no substantial differences were observed among years. The basin‐scale variability was mainly influenced by allochthonous inputs from the Po river and the Venice Lagoon, which were the main source of nutrients, acting as a ‘bottom up’ control on prokaryotes. On a seasonal scale, all the microbial parameters (except the polysaccharide degradation) showed significant variations following the temperature fluctuations. The annual rate of change was very low for all the chemical, physical and biological parameters and only the abundance and phosphatase activity of the prokaryotes differed significantly among years.  相似文献   

A 450-kyr record of hydrological conditions on the western Agulhas Bank Slope, south of Africa     

A. J. Rau  J. Rogers  J. R. E. Lutjeharms  J. Giraudeau  J. A. Lee-Thorp  M. -T. Chen  C. Waelbroeck 《Marine Geology》2002,180(1-4):183-201

The Agulhas Bank region, south of Africa, is an oceanographically important and complex area. The leakage of warm saline Indian Ocean water into the South Atlantic around the southern tip of Africa is a crucial factor in the global thermohaline circulation. Foraminiferal assemblage, stable isotope and sedimentological data from the top 10 m of core MD962080, recovered from the western Agulhas Bank Slope, are used to indicate changes in water mass circulation in the southeastern South Atlantic for the last 450 kyr. Sedimentological and planktonic foraminiferal data give clear signals of cold water intrusions. The benthic stable isotope record provides the stratigraphic framework and indicates that the last four climatic cycles are represented (i.e. down to marine isotope stage (MIS) 12). The planktonic foraminiferal assemblages bear a clear transitional to subantarctic character with Globorotalia inflata and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (dextral) being the dominant taxa. Input of cold, subantarctic waters into the region by means of leakage through the Subtropical Convergence, as part of Agulhas ring shedding, and a general cooling of surface waters is suggested by increased occurrence of the subantarctic assemblage during glacial periods. Variable input of Indian Ocean waters via the Agulhas Current is indicated by the presence of tropical/subtropical planktonic foraminiferal species Globoquadrina dutertrei, Globigerinoides ruber (alba) and Globorotalia menardii with maximum leakage occurring at glacial terminations. The continuous presence of G. menardii throughout the core suggests that the exchange of water from the South Indian Ocean to the South Atlantic Ocean was never entirely obstructed in the last 450 kyr. The benthic carbon isotope record and sediment textural data reflect a change in bottom water masses over the core location from North Atlantic Deep Water to Upper Southern Component Water. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages and sediment composition indicate a profound change in surface water conditions over the core site approximately 200–250 kyr BP, during MIS 7, from mixed subantarctic and transitional water masses to overall warmer surface water conditions.  相似文献   

Biotic events in Globotruncanid (Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifers) evolution as an instrument for more detailed stratigraphic scales     

L. F. Kopaevich 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2009,64(3):161-165

This paper discusses changes in the qualitative and quantitative structures of planktonic foraminifer assemblages (Globotruncanids group) using examples of the Albian-Cenomanian and Cenomanian-Turonian boundaries and their test morphologies. These data allowed subdividing stratigraphic sections in more detail. The revealed connection between biological events, chemostratigraphy, and geochronology substantially increased the correlation potential in stratigraphic constructions.  相似文献   

现代生物物质生烃机制动力学研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋启贵  王延斌  秦建中  王勤  张彩明 《沉积学报》2009,27(3):546-550

对浮游藻和底栖藻进行了生烃动力学分析,结合热模拟实验和元素分析研究表明,浮游藻和底栖藻富含S、O、N等杂原子,生烃活化能普遍很低,生烃平均活化能为220 kJ/mol左右,开始生烃活化能小于184 kJ/mol,分别于251 kJ/mol和255 kJ/mol时达到90%生烃转化率,能在未熟、低熟期大量生烃。但浮游藻和底栖藻生烃过程较长,有效生烃（生烃转化率10%～90%）期间活化能跨度较大,分别为59 kJ/mol和71 kJ/mol,生烃温度跨度分别是166.8℃和201.2℃,浮游藻生烃速率快于底栖藻。浮游藻和底栖藻生烃碳转化率是61.77%和34.9%,浮游藻有更强的生烃能力,生烃产物主要是非烃和沥青质,是未熟、低熟油的重要烃源。  相似文献